Option

-

Do not print the file size.

Options

-i

Ignore unrecognized data; do the conversion anyway.

-q

Quiet mode; suppress messages while running.

-Qc

Print information about cof2elf in output (if c = y) or suppress information (if c = n, the default).

-sdir

Save the original files to an existing directory dir.

-V

Print the version of cof2elf on standard error.

Options

-bn

Process lines using n-bit characters (7 or 8).

-cname

Search UUCP's Devices file and select the local area network that matches name (this assumes connection to a system).

-C

Instead of entering interactive mode, run the command from the command line with standard input and standard output connected to the remote system. Solaris only.

-d

Print diagnostics.

-e

Send even-parity data to remote system.

-h

Emulate local echo and support calls to other systems expecting terminals to use half duplex mode.

-H

Ignore one hangup. Useful when calling a remote system that will disconnect and call you back with a login prompt. Solaris only.

-lline

Communicate on device named line (e.g., /dev/tty001).

-L

Use the chat sequence specified in /etc/uucp/Systems. Solaris only.

-n

Prompt user for a telephone number.

-o

Use odd parity (opposite of -e).

-sn

Set transmission rate to n (e.g., 1200, 2400, 9600 bps). Default is Any.

-t

Dial an ASCII terminal that has auto-answer set.

Destination

cu runs as two processes: transmit and receive. Transmit reads from standard input and passes characters to the remote system; receive reads data from the remote system and passes lines to standard output. Lines that begin with a tilde (~) are treated as commands and not passed.

Transmit Options

~.

Terminate the conversation.

~!

Escape to an interactive shell on the local system.

~!cmd ...

Run command on local system (via sh -c).

~$cmd ...

Run command locally; send output to remote system.

~%cd

Change directory on the local system.

~%take file [target]

Copy file from remote system to target on the local system. If target is omitted, file is used in both places. The remote system must be running Unix for this command to work. No checksumming of the transmitted data is provided.

~%put file [target]

Copy file from the local system to target on the remote system. If target is omitted, file is used in both places. The remote system must be running Unix for this command to work. No checksumming of the transmitted data is provided.

~~ ...

Use two tildes when you want to pass a line that begins with a tilde. This lets you issue commands to more than one system in a cu chain. For example, use ~~. to terminate the conversation on a second system cu d to from the first.

~%b

Send a BREAK sequence to the remote system.

~%d

Turn debug mode on or off.

~t

Print termio structure for local terminal. (Intended for debugging.)

~l

Print termio structure for communication line. (Intended for debugging.)

~%ifc

Turn on/off the DC3/DC1 XOFF/XON control protocol (characters ^S, ^Q) for the remainder of the session (formerly ~%nostop, which is still valid).

~%ofc

Set output flow control either on or off.

~%divert

Allow/prevent diversions not specified by ~%take.

~%old

Allow/prevent old-style syntax for diversions received.

Examples

Connect to terminal line /dev/ttya at 9600 baud:

cu -s9600 -l/dev/ttya

Connect to modem with phone number 555-9876:

cu 5559876

Connect to system named usenix:

cu usenix

Options

-a afile

Load the list of pathname aliases specified in the file afile. Entries have the form alias=pathname. Once this file is loaded, you can use the shorthand notation $alias to refer to a long pathname.

-c cfile

Load the list of command aliases specified in the file cfile. This file allows you to modify the default behavior of FACE commands or create new commands.

-i ifile

Load file ifile, which specifies startup features such as the introductory frame, banner information, screen colors, and labels.

Options

-a afile

Load the list of pathname aliases specified in the file afile. Entries have the form alias=pathname. Once this file is loaded, you can use the shorthand notation $alias to refer to a long pathname.

-c cfile

Load the list of command aliases specified in the file cfile. This file allows you to modify the default behavior of FMLI commands or create new commands.

-i ifile

Load file ifile, which specifies startup features such as the introductory frame, banner information, screen colors, and labels.

label:	severity:	text
TO FIX:	action		tag

You can define the MSGVERB variable to select which parts of the message to print. Each part is described with the options below.

The SEV_LEVEL environment variable allows you to add additional severities and associated strings to be printed when those severities are provided.

Options

-a action

A string describing the first action to take in recovering the error. The string “TO FIX:” precedes the action string.

-c source

The source of the problem, where source is one of hard (hardware), soft (software), or firm (firmware).

-l label

Identify the message source with a text label, often of the form file:command.

-s severity

How serious the condition is. severity is one of halt, error, warn, or info.

-t tag

Another string identifier for the message.

-u types

Classify the message as one or more types (separated by commas). types can be one of the keywords appl, util, or opsys (meaning that the problem comes respectively from an application, utility, or the kernel), either of the keywords recov or nrecov (application will or won't recover), print (message displays on standard error), and console (message displays on system console).

Options

-b

The line width specifies bytes, not characters. Solaris only.

-s

Break lines after the last whitespace character within the first width characters. Solaris only.

-w n

Create lines having width n (default is 80). (Can also be invoked as -n for compatibility with BSD.)

Option

-s

Suppress output and return exit status only.

Example

if ismpx -s
then jwin
fi

Options

-d

Print sizes of the text, data, and bss portions of a downloaded firmware patch on standard error.

-D

Print debugging messages on standard error.

-f file

Initialize layers with a configuration given by file. Each line of file is a layer to be created and has the format x1 y1 x2 y2 commands, specifying the origin, the opposite corner, and start-up commands. For example:

10 10 800 240 date; who; exec $SHELL

-h list

Supply a comma-separated list of STREAMS modules to push onto a layer.

-m size

Set data part of xt packets to maximum size (32–252).

-p

Print downloading protocol statistics and a trace of a downloaded firmware patch on standard error.

-s

Report protocol statistics on standard error after exiting layers.

-t

Turn on xt driver packet tracing and produce a trace dump on standard error after exiting layers.

Example

To produce an ordered list of object files and replace them in the library libmyprog.a (provided they are newer):

ar cru libmyprog.a `lorder *.o | tsort`

Note: this command is part of the UPAS mailing system software. Commercial Unix systems all use sendmail, thus this command isn't applicable.

Options

-s

Suppress name s; show only corresponding mail address.

-v

Verbose mode; show debugging information.

Options

-a[n]

Append n characters to the end of each line or, if n isn't specified, append characters until each line has the length specified by -l.

-b[n]

Delete n characters from beginning of each line or, if n isn't specified, delete characters until each line has the length specified by -l.

-cm

Use character m (instead of a space) when padding lines with -a or -p; -c must precede -a or -p.

-e[n]

Same as -b, but delete from the end.

-f

Display tabspec format used by last -o option.

-i'tabspec'

Expand tabs to spaces using tabspec conversion (default is 8 spaces); tabspec is one of the options listed under tabs.

-l[n]

Use line length n (default is 72). If -l is not specified, default line length is 80. -l usually precedes other options that modify line length (-a, -b, -c, -e, or -p).

-o'tabspec'

Turn spaces into tabs using tabspec conversion.

-p[n]

Same as -a, but pad beginning of line.

-s

Strip leading characters from each line (up to and including first tab); the first seven characters are moved to the end of the line (without the tab). All lines must contain at least one tab.

Example

Remove sequence numbers from a COBOL program:

newform -l1 -b7 file

This command is also built in to the Bourne and Korn shells. On modern Unix systems that allow users to simultaneously be in multiple groups, this command is obsolete.

Note: this command is not related to Usenet news.

Options

-a

Print all news items, whether current or not.

-n

Print names of news items, but not their contents.

-s

Report the number of current news items.

Note: this command is part of the UPAS mailing system software. Commercial Unix systems all use sendmail, thus, this command isn't applicable.

Options

-m file

Save mail messages to file (default is $HOME/.mailfile). Applies only when automatic notification is enabled (-y option).

-n

Disable mail notification. -n is used alone.

-y

Enable mail notification.

Option

-s

Don't print error messages.

This command is generally no longer used because the supporting daemon generates an inordinate amount of unnecessary network traffic.

Options

-a

Include users even if they've been idle for more than one hour. Normally such users are not counted.

-l

Sort by load average.

-r

Reverse the sort order.

-t

Sort by up time.

-u

Sort by number of users.

This command is generally no longer used because the supporting daemon generates an inordinate amount of unnecessary network traffic.

Option

-a

List users even if they've been idle for more than one hour.

block name [name2 ...]

Block the output for each layer name (same as stty loblk).

create [name]

Create the layer name (no more than seven total).

delete name [name2 ...]

Delete the layer name.

help or ?

Provide shl command syntax.

layers [-l] [name ...]

Print information about layers. -l provides a ps-like display.

name

Make layer name be the current level.

quit

Exit shl and kill all the layers.

resume [name]

Return to latest layer or to layer name.

toggle

Flip back to the previous layer.

unblock name [name2 ...]

Do not block output for each layer name (same as stty -loblk).

Tabspec

-n

Repeat tab every n columns (e.g., 1+n, 1+2*n, etc.).

n1,n2,...

Arbitrary ascending values. If n is preceded by +, it is added (i.e., tab is relative to previous position).

-a

1, 10, 16, 36, 72.

-a2

1, 10, 16, 40, 72.

-c

1, 8, 12, 16, 20, 55.

-c2

1, 6, 10, 14, 49.

-c3

1, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30, 34, 38, 42, 46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 67.

-f

1, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23.

-p

1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61.

-s

1, 10, 55.

-u

1, 12, 20, 44.

--file

Read first line of file for tabs.

Options

+mn

Set left margin to n (default is 10).

-Ttype

Set terminal type (default is $TERM).

Options

-c

Do not copy files to the spool directory (the default).

-C

Copy files to the spool directory for transfer.

-d

Make directories for the copy when they don't exist (the default).

-f

Do not make directories when they don't exist.

-gx

Set grade (priority) of job. x is typically a single letter or digit, where a and 1 give the highest transfer priority. Use uuglist to show values for x.

-j

Print the uucp job number.

-m

When copy is complete, send mail to person who issued uucp command.

-nuser

When copy is complete, send mail to (notify) user.

-r

Queue job, but don't start transfer program (uucico).

-sfile

Send transfer status to file (a full pathname); overrides -m. Solaris accepts but ignores this option for security reasons.

-xn

Debug at level n (0–9); higher numbers give more output.

Example

This shell script sends a compressed file to system orca:

$ cat send_it
#! /bin/sh
compress $1
uucp -C -n$2 -m $1.Z orca!/var/spool/uucppublic
uncompress $1

With -C, the transfer is made from a copy in the spool directory. (Normally, uucp gets the file from its original location, so you can't rename it or uncompress it until the call goes through.) The script also notifies the sender and the recipient when the transfer finishes. Here's a sample run:

send_it chapter1 bob

Option

-u

List grades available to the current user.

Options

-c

Print system names known to cu (usually the same).

-l

Print the local system's node name.

Option

-ssystem

Search only for files sent from system.

Interactive Responses

a[dir]

Move all files sent from system to the named dir.

d

Delete the entry.

m[dir]

Move the file to the directory dir.

p

Print the file.

q

Quit uupick.

*

Print a command summary.

!cmd

Execute the shell command cmd.

EOF

Quit uupick.

RETURN

Move to next entry.

Options

-a

Report all queued jobs.

-c

When used with -t, report average time spent on queue instead of average transfer rate.

-dn

When used with -t, report averages for past n minutes instead of past hour.

-j

Report the total number of jobs displayed (use only with -a or -s).

-kn

Kill job request n; you must own it.

-m

Report accessibility of other systems.

-n

Suppress standard output but not standard error.

-p

Execute a ps -flp on active UUCP processes.

-q

Report the jobs queued for all systems.

-rn

Renew job n by issuing a touch on its associated files.

-ssystem

Report the status of jobs for system.

-Sx

Report status for jobs of type x:

-tsystem

Report system's average transfer rate (in bytes per second) over the past hour.

-uuser

Report the status of jobs for user.

Options

-m

Send mail when the copy is complete.

-p

Copy files to the spool directory.

Options

-

Same as -p (pass standard input to command).

-auser

Notify user upon completion (see -z).

-b

Print the standard input when the exit status indicates an error.

-j

Print the uux job number.

-n

Do not send mail if command fails.

-p

Pass the standard input to command.

-z

Notify invoking user upon successful completion.

This command is completely unrelated to RCS and to SCCS; it is essentially useless.

Options

-a

Replace control keywords in all lines, including text lines.

-ck

Use k instead of : as the control character.

-s

Suppress warning messages.

-t

If any control characters are found before the first tab in the file, remove all characters up to the first tab.

Option

-h host

Search on host machine host.